MHRA Style Citation Demonstration
Click cover to enlarge | According to the MHRA Style Guide, this item should be cited in a bibliography as follows: Jacobs, Nicolas (ed.), Early Welsh Gnomic and Nature Poetry, MHRA Library of Medieval Welsh Literature (MHRA, 2012) This is how standard MHRA style would look. Some of its book series (notably Legenda) allow an alternative citation system called 'author-date', but please talk to your editor before using it. (To see the demonstration for author-date, follow this link.) Let's take this bibliography entry one step at a time: Step 1. The entry begins with the author(s) or editor(s) of the volume, with the first name inverted into Surname, Forename. This is because a Bibliography is a list in surname order, so we need a surname up front. Jacobs, Nicolas Step 2. If somebody has a role other than that of author, it goes next, in brackets. One editor becomes '(ed.)', two or more '(eds)'. (Remember: 'ed.' stands for 'editor', not 'edited', so the full stop must be used, because 'd' is not its last letter.) Jacobs, Nicolas (ed.) Step 3. Now a comma, not a full stop: Jacobs, Nicolas (ed.), Step 4. Here we have the book's title, in italics, not quotation marks. Jacobs, Nicolas (ed.), Early Welsh Gnomic and Nature Poetry Step 5. This book belongs to a series, so we'll name that. If the series is numbered, we give the number, too. No italics, no quotation marks in the series name. Jacobs, Nicolas (ed.), Early Welsh Gnomic and Nature Poetry, MHRA Library of Medieval Welsh Literature Step 6. Since this is a book, not a journal issue, we have to identify its source, in round brackets. Until 2024, MHRA style required a place of publication - for example, New York or Oxford. This is no longer given except in special circumstances. Jacobs, Nicolas (ed.), Early Welsh Gnomic and Nature Poetry, MHRA Library of Medieval Welsh Literature ( Step 7. Now a colon, a space, and the publisher's name. Abbreviating to 'MHRA' is fine here. Jacobs, Nicolas (ed.), Early Welsh Gnomic and Nature Poetry, MHRA Library of Medieval Welsh Literature (MHRA Step 8. Then the year of first publication, and we're done with the bracketed part. Jacobs, Nicolas (ed.), Early Welsh Gnomic and Nature Poetry, MHRA Library of Medieval Welsh Literature (MHRA, 2012) And that's the finished bibliography entry. Note that there's no final full stop. So how about citations in footnotes or endnotes? In standard MHRA style, the first time the work is cited in a note, it should be cited in full. This looks very like a Bibliography entry, but:
Suppose we want to cite a passage on pages 24 to 27: 34 See Early Welsh Gnomic and Nature Poetry, ed. by Nicolas Jacobs, MHRA Library of Medieval Welsh Literature (MHRA, 2012), pp. 24-27. But in any subsequent notes, a heavily abbreviated form is used: 37 Compare Jacobs, p. 17. |